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Causes of Sleep Apnea

Types and Causes of Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea, which is often ignored, is actually quite a serious disorder; and to be able to treat it effectively one needs to understand the disorder in general and the causes of sleep apnea in particular.

Sleep apnea basically results in regular pauses in breathing, and if the disorder is ignored and not treated, the condition can exacerbate leading to continuous breathing problems while asleep, which further results in the lack of oxygen in the blood which can be quite dangerous.

Types and Causes of Sleep Apnea

What causes sleep apnea?

Before studying the causes of sleep apnea, it will be helpful to quickly go over the types of the disorder, as that will then aid us in understanding the causes of sleep apnea far better. There are essentially three types of sleep apnea:

Obstructive Sleep Apnea – This is the most common, and results in breathing problems due to blockage of the airway passage, often due to the tissues at the back of the throat collapsing when one is asleep.

Central Sleep Apnea – Not as common as obstructive apnea, this type occurs due to a neurological issue. The nervous system in charge of the breathing process at times fails to send the breathing signals to the muscles, and as a results leads to breathing problems.

Complex Sleep Apnea – The third type is basically a mixture of the first two, where the patients show signs of both physical and neurological issues leading to irregular breathing patterns.

Having briefly distinguished the three types of sleep apnea, it will now be helpful to understand the causes of sleep apnea by considering each of the types in turn.

Causes of Sleep Apnea – Obstructive Apnea

As briefly mentioned above, the major cause of this type of sleep apnea is the collapsing of the muscles at the back of the throat while one is asleep. Once these tissues collapse, the airways passage becomes narrow and hence hinders regular breathing. The nervous system senses the lack of oxygen intake due to the pauses in breathing, and that is why it makes you wake up so as to be able to be breathe comfortably again. Often the patients do not remember this act of waking up once they get up in the morning and as a result the condition is ignored.

Causes of Sleep Apnea – Central Apnea

The major cause of this type of sleep apnea is neurological in nature, as it is caused when the brain fails to send the relevant breathing signal to the breathing muscles. Often when the brain is preoccupied in monitoring the carbon dioxide levels, it forgets to keep track of the oxygen level. Like with obstructive apnea, if you suffer from this disorder you are likely to get up frequently at night gasping for air. Usually people who have heart diseases, and at times even stroke problems are likely to have central sleep apnea.

Causes of Sleep Apnea – Complex Apnea

As it is a mixture of the above two types, people suffering from this type have problems in the airway obstruction as well as minor issues in the breathing rhythm.

Now having understood the causes of sleep apnea, you will be in a better position to understand the techniques that will effectively treat the disorder!

Insomnia – Types, Signs Risks and Treatments

Insomnia - Signs and Treatments

What is Insomnia?

Insomnia - Signs and TreatmentsInsomnia is a condition suffered by almost everybody at some point in their lives, and due to its frequency among such diverse demographics it is often disregarded and not given the serious attention it warrants. Insomnia – despite the name literally meaning ‘no sleep’ – does not just mean a lack of sleep, if the problem becomes long-term it can have detrimental effects of the sufferers physical, social and mental state such as severe anxiety and depression. This brief guide to insomnia aims to explain the types, signs, risks and treatments and provide a better understanding of the condition.

There are many signs to watch for when diagnosing insomnia. The more obvious symptoms relate to sleeping patterns, with any form of continual disturbance being a sign of developing the condition. These sleep disturbances could be anything from difficulty falling asleep, waking up too early or waking up too often in the middle of the night. There are, however, other ways that the affliction can manifest itself to be aware of. Should the individual also go on to suffer from irritability, lack of concentration or depression during the day, they should consider seeking medical advice before the anxiety sets in and the problem gets worse. Once they visit a doctor the condition can be diagnosed and the precise type of insomnia determined.

While anybody that suffers from this sleep disturbance can be classed as an insomniac, it should be noted that the disorder falls into distinct categories – Acute, Chronic, Primary and Secondary. If a patient is diagnosed as having Acute insomnia then there is probably a direct problem or stimulus at work, which means it is also referred to as Primary Insomnia and can be expected to last no more than a month. Chronic Insomnia, however,can last for several months and perhaps even years and is therefore treated as a more serious, on-going condition. It also tends to be classed as a secondary case, meaning the cause is a result on a more health issue.

There are many causes of the disorder. Acute insomniacs can be affected by factors such as stress and stimulants, while the chronic form is do to another condition. Acute sufferers can also be affected by something as simple and common as jet leg because of the change in the body’s circadian rhythm. As a result of the nature of the Chronic form, there are a large number of people potentially at risk that should be aware of the danger. Insomnia is seen in a higher percentage of women than due to the hormone imbalances caused by menstruation and the menopause. Stress, or other psychiatric health issues can also be a concern. Conditions like asthma, chronic pain or gastrointestinal issues also pose a risk. Interestingly, Caucasians are more likely to develop insomnia than any other race because they have lighter sleep patterns.

Insomnia, whether Chronic or Acute can be treated in a number of ways. Allopathic methods; such as sedatives and anti-anxiety pills – are the most commonly prescribed, but there are other, less chemical based, options available that can provide result that are less of a ‘quick fix’. Nautropathic remedies are currently very popular. Patients with the Acute variety of insomnia can be advised to cut down on Caffeine to reduce the stimulant effect and given Chamomile Tea as an alternative. Those with the Chronic disorder can also try acupuncture sessions as an additional, on-going form of treatment. Alternatively, there is always the option of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to treat the psychological elements of the problem or Homeopathy. Homeopathy works in contrast to the advice of many practitioners by promoting the use of Coffee. This diluted form of coffee is said to balance out the toxic level of the stimulant within the body and restore harmony.

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This is just a brief overview of the condition that is insomnia. With all the risk, effects and types of the disorder, its complexity is clear but hopefully this guide will help people – either suffering or at risk – to see that the condition can be dealt with and there are many options available. Because of its implications and potential damaging effects, insomnia is an affliction needs to better understood and managed in order for sufferers to achieve peace of mind.

Sleep Apnea in Children

Sleep Apnea in Children

Sleep apnea in children can no longer be considered a rarity, as increasingly it is quite commonly found even in quite young children. Sleep apnea essentially results in hindering the breathing process, as it results in regular pauses in breathing. By itself it can be quite detrimental, but the case of sleep apnea in children is even more dangerous and hence needs to be treated effectively and quickly.

To be able to treat those children suffering from sleep apnea, it is important to understand the causes and types of the disorder. Sleep apnea in children usually occurs in two types: Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Central Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children

 

This is considered to be the most common type of sleep apnea in children, and even healthy kids can fall prey to this sleep disorder. Essentially this is a cause of any obstruction in the air passageway of the child, which is usually associated with enlarged tonsils or even adenoids.

Central Sleep Apnea in Children

 

Though this type is not as common as the previous type, this type of sleep apnea in children usually occurs in much smaller kids, and often new borns. The main cause of this disorder is the failure of the brain to send instructions to the throat muscles to actually take breath. It might sound amusing, but often the body fails to regulate breathing correctly and as a result leads to this type of disorder. Although you need not be too worried if your child suffers from central sleep apnea, as most kids grow out of it as they start growing.

Sleep Apnea in Children

It is important to treat sleep apnea in children as early as possible.

Being able to recognize these different types of sleep apnea in children is definitely the biggest challenge when it come to such a disorder. Unlike adults, who have a better understanding of their body and can express any discomfort, children can’t, and hence it is essential for the parent to be able to recognize the symptoms. Usually the symptoms of sleep apnea in children include heavy and irregular breathing, restlessness at nights in particular, regular daytime sleeping, turning a shade of pale blue due to lack of oxygen etc.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it is advisable to get your kid immediately checked out, as it is not worth ignoring it and hoping it will be fine the next day. Sleep apnea in children can result in extremely serious conditions if not treated early on and allowed to worsen. Some of these possible problems could include learning disabilities, heart problems, attention problems, blood pressure related issues etc.

In terms of treatment options for sleep apnea in children, a doctor or specialist in the field will be the best judge. Often doctors have to remove the tonsils to treat the disorder, and if not that they temporarily treat the child with a commonly used machine known as CPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure. This machine ensures that sufficient air reaches the lungs by applying continuous pressure, ensuring there are no blockages in the airway. In more severe cases of sleep apnea in children, doctors might be required to perform a surgery, but that is quite rare.

Sleep Apnea Treatment Options

Sleep Apnea Treatment Options - CPAP

Sleep apnea can often result in high levels of irritation, head aches and continuously prevent from you getting complete sleep at night, therefore to avoid seriously affecting your health it is important to search for and explore sleep apnea treatment options and find one to suit you.

Sleep Apnea Treatment Options

 

Sleep apnea is a clinical condition and has very little to do with the functioning of the body, instead of having to have multiple medicines, most sleep apnea treatment options can be applied at home to be carried out on a regular basis. As there are various sleep apnea treatment options available, your doctor will always advise you on one that will be most effective in your case and that solution is highly recommended on a basis of priority as sleep apnea treatment options depend mostly on the severity and the exhibited symptoms.

Before looking into more complicated procedures such as surgery or the usage of a device, doctors try and prescribe as simple a method as possible. An easy sleep apnea treatment option is using a sleep apnea pillow. This is mostly carried out for people with relatively milder cases, where one may want to consider these special pillows, which are effective and affordable. These pillows focus on keeping the neck and spine in proper alignment for the air passage to be open and accessible. Using these pillows, if prescribed, is the easiest sleep apnea treatment option that is available.

Sleep Apnea Treatment Options - CPAP

Sleep Apnea Treatment Option

Another sleep apnea treatment option, for slightly more serious cases is the use of mouth guards such as the Mandibular Advancement Device (MAD). These guards fit into your mouth easily, holding the bottom jaw open in a relaxed position, while also pushing the tongue away, keeping the airway open as much as possible, allowing unobstructed breathing. Another device that is used as a sleep apnea treatment option, but for more severe cases, is the application of continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) device. In this case there is a fan that blows in air through tubes into your mouth through a mask you will be wearing, the pressure keeping your air passage constantly unobstructed. Further variations on mask therapy include automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) and variable positive airway pressure (VPAP), both of which are different forms of CPAP but not nearly as effective. Though patients are naturally resistant at first with the idea of sleeping with a mask on, most eventually agree upon the fact that their effects on sleep is worth the uncomfortable efforts made.

Lastly the most serious and extensive among sleep apnea treatment options is surgery. This treatment method is carried out only as a last resort, when all other sleep apnea solutions have failed to perform effectively, or if the case is too serious right from the beginning of the treatment, only then do doctors agree to a surgical procedure to cure the problem. Most people look to avoid surgery and find that it is too big a procedure for snoring and interrupted sleep, however, one must keep in mind that doctors prescribe a surgery only when it is most needed and no other sleep apnea treatment solution is appropriate enough. Not curing apnea of such severity can lead to various other health problems and even cause high blood pressure and strokes.

Having considered the nature of your sleep apnea and it’s severity, it shouldn’t be to hard to choose from any of the aboved mentioned sleep apnea treatment options.